On Political Relations Between Belarus and China

Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Belarus and the People's Republic of China were established on January 20, 1992. In September 2022 on the sidelines of events of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization the leaders of Belarus and China adopted the Joint Declaration on establishment of the highest level of relations in history: an all-weather and comprehensive strategic partnership. In March 2023 during the state visit of the President of Belarus A.Lukashenko to China, the leaders of Belarus and China adopted the Joint Statement on the fundamental principles for developing of exemplary all-weather and comprehensive strategic partnership relations between Belarus and China in the new era.

The development of relations with China is a strategic priority of the Republic of Belarus’s foreign policy.
Mechanisms for regular highest-level and high-level visits have been established between the parties; an active inter-parliamentary dialogue is underway; cooperation is maintained between the International Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Administration of the President of the Republic of Belarus; the Belarusian-Chinese Intergovernmental Cooperation Committee is in operation; and inter-agency and inter-regional contacts between Belarus and China are developing dynamically. 

The regular organization of reciprocal visits and meetings at the highest and high levels forms the foundation of the strategic dialogue.

The President of the Republic of Belarus A.Lukashenko has visited China 17 times: in 1995, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2023, 2025 and 2026. Belarus has been visited by Presidents of the PRC Jiang Zemin (2001) and Xi Jinping (2015); Premiers of the State Council Li Peng (1995), Wen Jiabao (2007), and Li Qiang (2024); Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Li Peng (2000), Wu Bangguo (2011) and Zhang Dejiang (2017); and PRC Vice Presidents Hu Jintao (2000), Xi Jinping (2010), Wang Qishan (2018), and Han Zheng (2026). 

Active cooperation between Belarus and China within international organizations is funded on in the strategic nature of their bilateral relations and aligned positions on key issues of the international agenda. A significant aspect of strengthening this strategic partnership is transformation of the Republic of Belarus into a major regional participant of the «Belt and Road» Initiative.

To address priority objectives regarding the development of relations with Beijing and to elevate practical cooperation to a qualitatively new level, the Directive of the President of the Republic No. 9 (2026) «On the Practical Implementation of the All-Weather and Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between the Republic of Belarus and the People’s Republic of China» was signed on May 12, 2026. 

The Belarus-China Intergovernmental Cooperation Committee, established in 2014, serves as the mechanism for advancing bilateral relations. Its structure comprises seven commissions: the Commission on Trade and Economic Cooperation; the Commission on Scientific and Technical Cooperation; the Commission on Security Cooperation; the Commission on Educational Cooperation; the Commission on Cultural Cooperation; the Commission on Customs and Quarantine Cooperation; and the Commission on Industrial Cooperation. The Committee holds meetings on a rotating basis every two years. Its co-chairs meet regularly. The most recent meeting of the Committee took place in May 2025 in Belarus, co-chaired by the First Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Belarus N.Snopkov and Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, the Vice Premier of the State Council of the PRC Liu Guozhong.

Inter-parliamentary dialogue is developing intensively and productively, including within the framework of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Working groups on inter-parliamentary cooperation operate within the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus and the National People’s Congress. A regular exchange of visits at the level of representatives of the parliamentaries leadership has been established. In 2024 the High-Level Committee on Cooperation between the legislative bodies of Belarus and China was established.

Cooperation in the areas of security, military affairs and military-technical collaboration is actively developing. There is ongoing exchange of delegations and cooperation regarding the fight against international crime, the maintenance of law and order and public safety, and the organization of training programs. In the military sphere, regular visits and joint exercises take place, and Belarusian and Chinese military personnel undergo training at higher military educational institutions in the Republic of Belarus and the PRC. 

Effective cooperation and an exchange of experience have been established between the Administration of the President of the Republic of Belarus and the Central Committee of the CPC. Visits to the PRC by the Head of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Belarus, as well as visits to Belarus by the International Department of the CPC Central Committee and other party leadership bodies have become regular occurrences. 

The two countries maintain stable, constructive, and dynamic cooperation within the framework of the UN. The parties provide each other with firm support in the Human Rights Council, aiming to foster dialogue, overcome differences and avoid the politicization of and double standards regarding human rights issues. Belarus and China actively cooperate within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, BRICS, and the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia.